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1.
Rev. ANACEM (Impresa) ; 17(1): 91-96, 2023.
Article in Spanish, English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1526308

ABSTRACT

Introducción: El cáncer gástrico, en Chile, ocupa el primer lugar como causa de mortalidad por tumores malignos, por ello, es de suma importancia conocer la descripción demográfica de esta enfermedad en el país. El periodo en estudio 2017-2021 entrega información actualizada a la salud pública. Metodología: Estudio ecológico, observacional, transversal y descriptivo sobre defunciones por cáncer gástrico en el periodo 2017-2021 en Chile según sexo, grupo etario y regiones (n=15350). Se calculó la tasa de mortalidad (TM). Información obtenida del Departamento de Estadística e Información de Salud e Instituto Nacional de Estadísticas, por lo que no requiere comité de ética. Resultados: Durante el periodo 2017-2021 la TM general fue de 21,84, siendo 21,58 en hombres y 10,68 en mujeres. En edad, el mayor valor se presentó en el grupo de 80 y más años y el menor valor en el grupo de 15-19 años. La TM del periodo general más alta la obtuvo la Región Metropolitana. Discusión: Se evidenció una reducción de la TM entre los años 2017-2021, pudiéndose deber al aumento de tamizaje y tratamiento de Helicobacter pylori. Además, se observó que la TM es mayor en hombres, explicado por su mayor susceptibilidad genética a desarrollar cáncer. La menor TM se registró entre 15-19 años, y la mayor en el grupo 80 y más años, lo que concuerda con literatura internacional. Conclusión: Se necesitan más estudios nacionales para ahondar en los resultados encontrados que permitan darle continuidad a la investigación, y que determinen factores de riesgo específicos de la población chilena.


Introduction: Gastric cancer in Chile takes the first place as a cause of mortality from malignant tumors, therefore it is relevant to know the demographic description of this disease in the country. Studied years go from 2017-2021 in order to get updated data to the Chilean public health. Methodology: Ecological, observational, cross-sectional and descriptive study on deaths due to gastric cancer in 2017-2021 in Chile, according to sex, age group and regions (n=15350). The death rate was calculated. Data was obtained from the Department of Statistics and Health Information and the National Institute of Statistics. It did not require approval from an ethics committee. Results: During the 2017-2021 period the overall death rate was 21.84, 21,58 for men and 10,68 for women. The highest values were in the 80 and older age group and the lowest values in the 15-19 years age group. The highest death rate overall period was registered in the Metropolitan Region. Discussion: There was a reduction in the hospital death rate between 2017-2021, which could be due to the increase in screening and treatment of Helicobacter pylori. Death rate is higher in men, which could be explained because they are more genetically susceptible to developing cancer. The lowest values for death rate were found in the 15-19 years age group, and the highest values in the 80 years and older group, which is consistent with international literature. Conclusion: More studies are required in Chile to broaden the findings to allow investigation continuity and to determine specific risk factors present in the Chilean population.

2.
Rev. chil. nutr ; 49(6)dic. 2022.
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1423718

ABSTRACT

Introducción: Existen estrategias direccionadas a mejorar el rendimiento de los deportistas, algunas estableciendo recomendaciones respecto a la hidratación y reposición de líquidos, con el propósito de asegurar un balance hídrico adecuado en todas las etapas de la práctica deportiva. Sin embargo, existe una carencia de instrumentos adecuados y confiables que permitan explorar esta temática. Objetivo: La presente investigación tiene como objetivo validar por contenido y evaluar la fiabilidad del instrumento "Conocimiento, actitud y comportamiento respecto a la hidratación y reposición de líquidos" en deportistas adolescentes y adultos jóvenes en Chile. Métodos: La adaptación cultural se realizó a través del método Delphi con un panel de expertos en el área, para la evaluación de la fiabilidad se aplicó el cuestionario de manera online a una muestra de 384 deportistas de diferentes disciplinas en dos oportunidades para determinar la estabilidad temporal. Resultados: Todos los ítems lograron porcentajes de acuerdo superior al 80% según el estadístico V de Aiken, en relación con la fiabilidad se obtuvo un Alfa de Cronbach de 0,78 lo que evidencia una consistencia interna aceptable, adicionalmente se obtuvo un Coeficiente de Correlación intraclase de 0,64 entre las dos aplicaciones del cuestionario presentando una fiabilidad regular a buena. Conclusión: Este cuestionario puede ser empleado como una herramienta confiable para ser utilizada en futuras investigaciones en el área de la nutrición deportiva, además como un instrumento que aporta al quehacer de distintos profesionales para apoyar a planificar y evaluar estrategias que propendan al mejoramiento del rendimiento deportivo.


Introduction: There are strategies aimed at improving the performance of athletes, some of which establish recommendations regarding hydration and fluid replacement, with the purpose of ensuring an adequate water balance at all stages of sports practice. However, there is a lack of adequate and reliable instruments to explore this issue. Objective: The present research aims to validate the content and evaluate the reliability of the instrument "Knowledge, attitude and behavior regarding hydration and fluid replacement" among adolescent and young adult athletes in Chile. Methods: The cultural adaptation was carried out through the Delphi method with a panel of experts in the area. For the evaluation of reliability, the questionnaire was applied online to a sample of 384 athletes from different disciplines on two occasions to determine temporal stability. Results: All items achieved percentages of agreement higher than 80% according to Aiken's V statistic, in relation to reliability a Cronbach's Alpha of 0.78 was obtained, which shows an acceptable internal consistency, additionally an intraclass Correlation Coefficient of 0.64 was obtained between the two applications of the questionnaire presenting a regular to good reliability. Conclusion: This questionnaire can be used as a reliable tool for future research around sports nutrition, as well as an instrument that contributes to the work of different professionals to support the planning and evaluation of strategies aimed at improving sports performance.

3.
Rev. méd. Chile ; 150(5)mayo 2022.
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1409840

ABSTRACT

Background: Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation (TAVI) is beneficial in patients with symptomatic severe Aortic Stenosis (AS). There is no consensus about the best anticoagulation strategy for patients with a recent TAVI and with atrial fibrillation (AF). Direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) are effective to prevent embolic events with a significant lower incidence of bleeding. There is scarce evidence about the use of these drugs in patients undergoing TAVI. Aim: To assess the management of anticoagulation at the moment of discharge of patients with AF and TAVI. Material and Methods: A four question survey was sent to cardiologists involved in TAVI programs in different international centers. Results: The survey was answered by 72 interventional cardiologists. Even with the lack of randomized evidence, in most of the scenarios DOACs are prescribed at discharge in patients with indication for anticoagulation. Also, in patients with high bleeding risk, most cardiologists would perform a left atrial appendage closure. In patients with concomitant coronary artery disease, if a stent was recently implanted, prescription of the combination of a DOAC and one antiplatelet drug was the most common answer. In patients with a former coronary angioplasty, DOAC or Warfarin was the therapy of choice. Conclusions: In the absence of randomized data, interventional cardiologists prescribe DOACs at discharge to patients with AF and TAVI, without following current guidelines in most cases.

4.
Rev. argent. salud publica ; 13: 161-170, 5/02/2021. graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1288212

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN INTRODUCCIÓN : El papel de los pacientes en los sistemas sanitarios es cada vez más relevante. Su satisfacción aparece como uno de los principales indicadores al evaluar la gestión sanitaria y la calidad asistencial. El objetivo del estudio fue determinar variables predictoras de satisfacción con la atención médica en la consulta externa pediátrica del Hospital El Cruce-Néstor Kirchner. MÉTODOS : Se realizó un estudio de corte transversal. Se incluyó a pacientes en edad pediátrica que concurrieron al Hospital a partir de junio de 2018. Se completaron encuestas CAHPS (Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems) después de la visita. Se utilizó test de Kruskal-Wallis para comparar distribución de cada variable predictora; para variables independientes categóricas, se realizó tabla n x p buscando significancia por test de chi cuadrado ajustada por número de comparaciones y chi cuadrado de tendencia lineal buscando asociación entre categorías predictoras ordenadas y variable respuesta. RESULTADOS : Un total de 423 personas respondieron el cuestionario; 368 eran mujeres, 390/415 eran padre o madre. La mayoría estaba conforme; sólo 3 asignaron puntajes menores a 7 (mínimo 0, máximo 10). Ninguna de las variables predictoras analizadas se asoció significativamente con peor evaluación del profesional y satisfacción con la atención. DISCUSIÓN : Hay un alto grado de satisfacción con la atención. Los motivos podrían ser abordados en profundidad mediante estudios cualitativos.


ABSTRACT INTRODUCTION : The role of patients in health systems is increasingly relevant. Their satisfaction appears as one of the main indicators to evaluate health management and quality of care. The objective of the study was to determine predictive variables of satisfaction with medical care in the pediatric outpatient clinic of El Cruce Néstor Kirchner Hospital. METHODS : A cross-sectional study was conducted. It included pediatric patients who attended the Hospital since June 2018. Post-visit CAHPS (Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems) surveys were completed. Kruskal-Wallis test was used to compare the distribution of each predictor variable; for categorical independent variables, n x p table was performed looking for significance by chi-square test adjusted for number of comparisons and chisquare of linear trend looking for association between ordered predictor categories and response variable. RESULTS : A total of 423 people answered the questionnaire; 368 were female, 390/415 were father or mother. Most respondents reported being satisfied; only 3 of them assigned scores lower than 7 (minimum 0, maximum 10). None of the predictive variables analyzed were significantly associated with worse evaluation of professionals and satisfaction with care. DISCUSSION : There is a high level of satisfaction with the attention. Qualitative studies would help to thoroughly explain the reasons.

5.
Rev. argent. salud publica ; 13: 1-7, 5/02/2021.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1251059

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCCIÓN: El papel de los pacientes en los sistemas sanitarios es cada vez más relevante. Su satisfacción aparece como uno de los principales indicadores al evaluar la gestión sanitaria y la calidad asistencial. El objetivo del estudio fue determinar variables predictoras de satisfacción con la atención médica en la consulta externa pediátrica del Hospital El Cruce-Néstor Kirchner. MÉTODOS: Se realizó un estudio de corte transversal. Se incluyó a pacientes en edad pediátrica que concurrieron al Hospital a partir de junio de 2018. Se completaron encuestas CAHPS (Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems) después de la visita. Se utilizó test de Kruskal-Wallis para comparar distribución de cada variable predictora; para variables independientes categóricas, se realizó tabla n x p buscando significancia por test de chi cuadrado ajustada por número de comparaciones y chi cuadrado de tendencia lineal buscando asociación entre categorías predictoras ordenadas y variable respuesta. RESULTADOS: Un total de 423 personas respondieron el cuestionario; 368 eran mujeres, 390/415 eran padre o madre. La mayoría estaba conforme; sólo 3 asignaron puntajes menores a 7 (mínimo 0, máximo 10). Ninguna de las variables predictoras analizadas se asoció significativamente con peor evaluación del profesional y satisfacción con la atención. DISCUSIÓN: Hay un alto grado de satisfacción con la atención. Los motivos podrían ser abordados en profundidad mediante estudios cualitativos.


Subject(s)
Argentina , Quality of Health Care , Patient Satisfaction , Ambulatory Care
6.
Rev. chil. fonoaudiol. (En línea) ; 19: 1-10, nov. 2020. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1148403

ABSTRACT

A nivel internacional se propone un mínimo de un profesional fonoaudiólogo por cada diez camas críticas o más, dependiendo de la complejidad de cada institución. En Chile no existen lineamientos similares, no obstante, el Ministerio de Salud ha generado recomendaciones para el cálculo de la brecha profesional según número y complejidad de las camas hospitalarias. El objetivo de este estudio es estimar el número de fonoaudiólogos y horas de contratación teóricas requeridas para la atención de pacientes adultos hospitalizados en instituciones públicas de alta complejidad en Chile. Para ello se realizó un estudio descriptivo, observacional, transversal. Se incluyeron todos los hospitales públicos de alta complejidad del país, excluyendo aquellos pediátricos y psiquiátricos. Como instrumentos se utilizaron el documento "Modelo de Gestión Red de Rehabilitación" del Ministerio de Salud, la base de datos actualizada del total de camas de la red hospitalaria y el software Microsoft Excel. El estudio fue aprobado por Comité Ético Científico del Hospital San Juan de Dios. En total 59 de 188 hospitales existentes en Chile fueron incluidos. De acuerdo con el análisis realizado basado en el número de camas en Chile, se requieren aproximadamente 269 fonoaudiólogos contratados 44 horas semanales para la atención de pacientes adultos en hospitales de alta complejidad. De ellos 104 se ubican en la Región Metropolitana; alrededor de 31 en la Región del BíoBío y cerca de 24 en la Región de Valparaíso. Se sugiere la revisión de las orientaciones ministeriales y la realización de un segundo estudio sobre la brecha profesional existente en Chile con los datos obtenidos.


International institutions have suggested one Speech and Language Therapist per ten critical beds, and possibly even more forhigh-complexity institutions. However, there are no similar recommendations in Chile, although the Ministry of Health has developed recommendations to calculate the number of professionals required according to the number and type of clinical bed. The aim of this study is to describe the number of Speech and Language Therapists along with the number of theorical working hours per week required for the attention of hospitalised adult patients in high-complexity hospitals in Chile, for which a descriptive, observational and transversal study was performed. High-complexity hospitals were included, excluding psychiatric and paediatric institutions. Microsoft Excel, the "Modelo de Gestión Red de Rehabilitación" guideline from the Ministry of Health, and the updated database of the clinical network beds were also used. This study was previously approved by a Research Ethics Committee from Hospital San Juan de Dios, and a total of 59 out of 188 hospitals were included. According to the analysis based on features of the clinical beds, 269 Speech and Language Therapists are required for 44 hours per week to attend adult patients in high-complexity hospitals across the country. Of the 269 professionals, 104 are needed in the Metropolitan region, approximately 31 in the Bío-Bío region and circa 24 in the Valparaíso region. According to these results, it is suggested the Ministry review its guidelines and undertake a further project in order to identify the current professional gap in Chile.


Subject(s)
Humans , Speech-Language Pathology/statistics & numerical data , Speech, Language and Hearing Sciences/statistics & numerical data , Health Workforce/organization & administration , Hospital Planning , Chile , Cross-Sectional Studies , Health Facilities , Health Workforce/statistics & numerical data , Health Planning Guidelines , Hospital Administration , Hospitals/statistics & numerical data
7.
Rev. bras. cir. cardiovasc ; 35(5): 781-788, Sept.-Oct. 2020. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS, SES-SP | ID: biblio-1137328

ABSTRACT

Abstract We performed a review of the literature (until August 01, 2019) on the occasion of the first transcaval approach for transcatheter aortic valve implantation in our hospital. This review focuses mainly on the indications of this alternative access route to the aorta. It may be useful for vascular surgeons in selected cases, such as the treatment of endoleaks after endovascular aneurysm repair and thoracic endovascular aneurysm repair. We describe historical aspects of transcaval access to the aorta, experimental studies, available case series and outcomes. Finally, we summarize the most significant technical aspects of this little-known access.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal/surgery , Blood Vessel Prosthesis Implantation , Endovascular Procedures , Surgeons , Aorta, Abdominal/surgery , Blood Vessel Prosthesis , Stents , Treatment Outcome
8.
Rev. invest. clín ; 72(5): 308-315, Sep.-Oct. 2020. tab
Article in English | LILACS, UY-BNMED, BNUY | ID: biblio-1289722

ABSTRACT

Background: The incidence of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is increasing globally due to an aging population and widespread use of imaging studies. Objective: The aim of this study was to describe the characteristics and perioperative outcomes of RCC surgery in very elderly patients (VEP), ≥75 years of age. Methods: This is a retrospective comparative study of 3656 patients who underwent the treatment for RCC from 1990 to 2015 in 28 centers from eight Latin American countries. We compared baseline characteristics as well as clinical and perioperative outcomes according to age groups (<75 vs.≥ 75 years). Surgical complications were classified with the Clavien-Dindo score. We performed logistic regression analysis to identify factors associated with perioperative complications. Results: There were 410 VEP patients (11.2%). On bivariate analysis, VEP had a lower body mass index (p < 0.01) and higher ASA score (ASA >2 in 26.3% vs. 12.4%, p < 0.01). There was no difference in performance status and clinical stage between the study groups. There were no differences in surgical margins, estimated blood loss (EBL), complication, and mortality rates (1.3% vs. 0.4%, p = 0.17). On multivariate regression analysis, age ≥75 years (odds ratio [OR] 2.33, p < 0.01), EBL ≥ 500 cc (OR 3.34, p < 0.01), and > pT2 stage (OR 1.63, p = 0.04) were independently associated with perioperative complications. Conclusions: Surgical resection of RCC was safe and successful in VEP. Age ≥75 years was independently associated with 30-day perioperative complications. However, the vast majority were low-grade complications. Age alone should not guide decision-making in these patients, and treatment must be tailored according to performance status and severity of comorbidities. (REV INVEST CLIN. 2020;72(5):308-15)


Subject(s)
Humans , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Carcinoma, Renal Cell/surgery , Latin America
9.
Rev. chil. cardiol ; 39(2): 154-158, ago. 2020. graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1138528

ABSTRACT

Abstract Atrial fibrillation (AF) is an increasing health care problem associated with thromboembolic risk about 5% per year, with high mortality and morbidity when associated to stroke. Oral anticoagulants (OAC) are the treatment of choice for preventing ischemic stroke in patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF). However, these drugs are associated with an increased risk of serious complications such an intracranial hemorrhage (ICH). In this context percutaneous closure of the left atrial appendage (LAA) is an effective therapeutic alternative to OACs, with an increasing success rate. Novel devices might allow or facilitate the procedure in some anatomically and technically complicated cases. Two patients with a complex morphology of the LAA, in which the LAmbre (Lifetech Scientific [Shenzhen] Co. Ltd.) device was implanted with good technical and clinical results are presented.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Aged, 80 and over , Atrial Fibrillation/therapy , Cardiac Catheterization/instrumentation , Atrial Appendage/diagnostic imaging , Septal Occluder Device , Atrial Fibrillation/diagnostic imaging , Angiography , Echocardiography , Cardiac Catheterization/methods , Stroke/prevention & control
10.
Rev. urug. cardiol ; 34(2): 11-36, ago. 2019.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1014545

ABSTRACT

Resumen: La Red de Editores de la Sociedad Europea de Cardiología (ESC, por su sigla en inglés) constituye un foro dinámico dedicado a discusiones editoriales y respalda las recomendaciones del Comité Internacional de Editores de Revistas Médicas (ICMJE, por su sigla en inglés) destinadas a mejorar la calidad científica de las revistas biomédicas. La paternidad literaria confiere crédito, además de importantes recompensas académicas. Recientemente, sin embargo, el ICMJE ha destacado que la autoría también exige que los autores sean responsables y se hagan cargo de lo que publican. Estas cuestiones ahora están cubiertas por el nuevo (cuarto) criterio para la autoría. Los autores deben aceptar hacerse responsables de lo que escriben y garantizar un adecuado enfoque de las cuestiones concernientes a la precisión e integridad de todo el trabajo. Esta revisión analiza las implicancias de este cambio de paradigma en los requisitos de autoría con el objetivo de aumentar la conciencia sobre las buenas prácticas científicas y editoriales.


Summary: The Editors´ Network of the European Society of Cardiology provides a dynamic forum for editorial discussions and endorses the recommendations of the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors to improve the scientific quality of biomedical journals. Authorship confers credit and important academic rewards. Recently, however, the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors emphasized that authorship also requires responsibility and accountability. These issues are now covered by the new (fourth) criterion for authorship. Authors should agree to be accountable and ensure that questions regarding the accuracy and integrity of the entire work will be appropriately addressed. This review discusses the implications of this paradigm shift on authorship requirements with the aim of increasing awareness on good scientific and editorial practices.


Resumo: A Rede de Editores da Sociedade Europeia de Cardiologia é um fórum dinâmico para discussões editoriais e apoia as recomendações do Comitê Internacional de Editores de Revistas Médicas, visando melhorar a qualidade científica das revistas biomédicas. A autoria confere crédito, além de importantes recompensas acadêmicas. Recentemente, no entanto, o Comitê Internacional de Editores de Revistas Médicas enfatizou que a autoria também requer que os autores sejam responsáveis do que escrevem e se encarreguem do que publicam. Essas questões agora estão cobertas pelo novo (quarto) critério de autoria. Os autores devem concordar em ser responsáveis e garantir que as questões relativas à precisão e integridade de todo o trabalho sejam abordadas de maneira apropriada. Esta revisão discute as implicações dessa mudança de paradigma nos requisitos de autoria, com o objetivo de aumentar a conscientização sobre as boas práticas científicas e editoriais.


Subject(s)
Humans , Authorship , Social Responsibility , Turkey , Cardiology , Editorial Policies , Europe
11.
Arch. cardiol. Méx ; 89(2): 105-111, Apr.-Jun. 2019.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1149066

ABSTRACT

Abstract The Editors’ Network of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) provides a dynamic forum for editorial discussions and endorses the recommendations of the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE) to improve the scientific quality of biomedical journals. Authorship confers credit and important academic rewards. Recently, however, the ICMJE emphasized that authorship also requires responsibility and accountability. These issues are now covered by the new (fourth) criterion for authorship. Authors should agree to be accountable and ensure that questions regarding the accuracy and integrity of the entire work will be appropriately addressed. This review discusses the implications of this paradigm shift on authorship requirements with the aim of increasing awareness on good scientific and editorial practices.


Subject(s)
Publishing/ethics , Authorship , Social Responsibility , Editorial Policies
12.
Educ. med. super ; 32(3): 106-119, jul.-set. 2018. graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-989752

ABSTRACT

Introducción: Para cumplimentar la misión de la universidad cubana, preparar al profesional para su desempeño exitoso en la sociedad, es imprescindible la integración dialéctica de los procesos sustantivos: académico, laboral y extensionista con la investigación. Objetivo: Elaborar acciones pedagógicas para perfeccionar la actividad científico-estudiantil. Métodos: Investigación en el campo de la educación médica con los estudiantes de la Facultad de Estomatología "Raúl González Sánchez" en el curso 2016- 2017. Se utilizaron métodos teóricos: el análisis y síntesis de la bibliografía consultada y la revisión documental. También se realizaron entrevistas grupales a estudiantes y profesores deldepartamento de Informática, una encuesta a profesores de otros departamentos. Los datos fueron procesados utilizando la estadística descriptiva y se presentaron en números absolutos y porcientos. Resultados: El 79,6 por ciento y 96,8 por ciento de los estudiantes expresó que no está preparado para investigar y poca disponibilidad de computadoras y acceso a Internet respectivamente, 91,3 por ciento manifestaron falta de motivación. Entre las acciones pedagógicas propuestas estuvieron la implementación de cursos sobre en el currículo optativo/electivo, la incorporación de estudiantes a proyectos de investigación de los profesores y creación del Grupo Científico Estudiantil (GCE) de la facultad. Conclusiones: La actividad científica-estudiantil no ha alcanzado los resultados esperados. Las acciones pedagógicas que se proponen, con el fin de perfeccionar los resultados de la actividad científica-estudiantil, permiten a los profesores y directivos de la facultad, contar con una guía actualizada para orientar el trabajo hacia el logro de mejores resultados de la actividad científica estudiantil en la institución(AU)


Introduction: In order to complete the mission of the Cuban university and to prepare the professionals for their successful performance in the society, it is essential the dialectical integration of the substantive processes (academic, work-related and university outreach) with research. Objective: To elaborate pedagogical actions to perfect the student scientific activity. Methods: Research carried out in the field of medical education with the students of Raúl González Sánchez Dental School, during the academic year 2016-2017. The theoretical methods include analysis and synthesis of the consulted bibliography and document review. Group interviews were also conducted on students and professors from the IT department, together with a survey on professors from other departments. The data were processed using descriptive statistics and presented in absolute and percentage numbers. Results: 79.6 por ciento and 96.8 por ciento of the students expressed that they are not ready to investigate and that there is scarce availability of computers and Internet access, respectively. 91.3 por ciento noted lack of motivation. The proposed pedagogical actions include the implementation of courses on the optional and elective curricula, the incorporation of students to research projects by the professors, and the creation of the Student Scientific Group (GCE) in the School. Conclusions: Student scientific activity has not achieved the expected results. The pedagogical actions proposed for improving the outcome of student scientific activity allow the professors and directors of the School to have updated guidelines for working towards the achievement of better outcome as part of the student scientific activity in the institution(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Aptitude , Research , Teaching , Education, Dental/methods
13.
Rev. argent. cir ; 110(2): 81-85, jun. 2018. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-957898

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: comparar los resultados obtenidos en adrenalectomía retroperitoneoscópica posterior (ARP) con los obtenidos por vía transperitoneal lateral (ATL) a corto y mediano plazo. Material y métodos: estudio de cohortes prospectivo. Se incluyeron 22 pacientes a quienes se les realizaron 24 adrenalectomías (12 ARP y 12 ATL) entre los meses de enero de 2015 y mayo de 2016. En el grupo ARP se realizó a 1 paciente adrenalectomía bilateral simultánea y a 1 paciente, bilateral sincrónica. Fueron comparados datos basales, clínicos, quirúrgicos y evolutivos. Resultados: la mediana de tiempo de seguimiento fue de 6,5 meses (r 1-16). Los grupos ARP y ATL fueron comparables en edad, sexo, BMI y presencia de cirugías previas. Los adenomas fueron las lesiones predominantes (41,7% en cada grupo). El promedio de tiempo operatorio en ART y ATL fue 104,3 ± 21,2 y 146 ± 32,9 minutos, respectivamente (p 0,05). No hallamos diferencias en tiempo de internación, sangrado y complicaciones. Todos los pacientes lograron curación clínica. Conclusiones: la técnica ARP es una vía segura, con resultados comparables a ATL y menor tiempo operatorio. También permite intervenir de manera simultánea y sincrónica ambas glándulas adrenales sin necesidad de reposicionar al paciente.


Objetive: to compare the results of posterior retroperitoneoscopic (PRA) or lateral transperitoneal approach (LTA) in laparoscopic adrenalectomy in the short and medium term. Material y methods: prospective cohort study. We included 22 patients who underwent 24 adrenalectomies (12 PRA and 12 LTA) between January 2015 and May 2016. In the PRA group, two simultaneous bilateral laparoscopic adrenalectomies were performed (1 synchronous bilateral adrenalectomy). Baseline, clinical and surgical outcome were compared. Results: the median follow-up time was 6.5 months (range: 1-16). The PRA and LTA groups were comparable in age, gender, BMI and presence of previous surgeries. Adenomas were the predominant lesions (41.7% in each group). The average operating time in PRA and LTA was 104.3 ± 21.2 and 146 ± 32.9 minutes, respectively (p=0.05). We found no differences in length of hospital stay, bleeding and complications. All patients achieved clinical cure. Conclusions: the PRA technique is a safe approach, with results comparable to LTA and shorter operating time. It also allows to intervene simultaneously and synchronously both adrenal glands without the need of repositioning the patient.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Middle Aged , Aged , Retroperitoneal Space/surgery , Laparoscopy/methods , Adrenalectomy , Body Mass Index , Prospective Studies , Cohort Studies
14.
Int. braz. j. urol ; 44(3): 475-482, May-June 2018. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-954049

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Objectives: The clinical significance of positive surgical margin (PSM) after a Nephron Sparing Surgery (NSS) is controversial. The aim of this study is to evaluate the association between PSM and the risk of disease recurrence in patients with pT1 kidney tumors who underwent NSS. Materials and Methods: Retrospective cohort study. A total of 314 patients submitted to a NSS due to stage pT1 renal tumor between January 2010 and June 2015 were included. Recurrence-free survival was estimated. The Cox model was used to adjust the tumor size, histological grade, pathological stage, age, surgical margins and type of approach. Results: Overall PSM was 6.3% (n=22). Recurrence was evidenced in 9.1% (n=2) of patients with PSM and 3.5% (n=10) for the group of negative surgical margin (NSM). The estimated local recurrence-free survival rate at 3 years was 96.4% (95% CI 91.9 to 100) for the NSM group and 87.8% (95% CI 71.9 to 100) for PSM group (p=0.02) with no difference in metastasis-free survival. The PSM and pathological high grade (Fuhrman grade III or IV) were independent predictors of local recurrence in the multivariate analysis (HR 12.9, 95%CI 1.8-94, p=0.011 / HR 38.3, 95%CI 3.1-467, p=0.004 respectively). Fuhrman grade proved to be predictor of distant recurrence (HR 8.1, 95%CI 1.6-39.7, p=0.011). Conclusions: The PSM in pT1 renal tumors showed to have higher risk of local recurrence and thus, worse oncological prognosis.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Aged , Carcinoma, Renal Cell/surgery , Organ Sparing Treatments/methods , Margins of Excision , Kidney Neoplasms/surgery , Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/diagnosis , Time Factors , Carcinoma, Renal Cell/pathology , Predictive Value of Tests , Reproducibility of Results , Retrospective Studies , Treatment Outcome , Risk Assessment/methods , Disease-Free Survival , Tumor Burden , Neoplasm Grading , Kidney Neoplasms/pathology , Middle Aged , Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/pathology , Neoplasm Staging , Nephrectomy/methods
15.
Rev. argent. urol. (1990) ; 83(4): 126-131, 2018. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-987616

ABSTRACT

Introducción: Existe evidencia de que los índices de neutrófilos/linfocitos (INL) y plaquetas/linfocitos (IPL) se asocian a un peor pronóstico oncológico en distintas enfermedades neoplásicas. El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar la asociación entre el INL y el IPL preoperatorio y la agresividad local del tumor en el carcinoma de células renales (CCR). Materiales y métodos: Se analizaron el INL y el IPL de 353 pacientes que fueron tratados por CCR, sin enfermedad a distancia, entre enero de 2010 y julio de 2013. Se utilizó la regresión de Cox para estimar la asociación entre ambos índices y el estadío patológico, el grado histológico de Fuhrman/ISUP (International Society of Urological Pathology) y la progresión de la enfermedad. Resultados: La mitad de los pacientes presentó grado ISUP III o IV; 24 pacientes presentaron estadío patológico pT3a o superior. En total, 12 pacientes presentaron recidiva local y 19 presentaron metástasis. En el análisis multivariado, un mayor INL o IPL se asoció a un mayor grado ISUP y estadío patológico avanzado. Las medias de INL e IPL fueron significativamente superiores en los pacientes con grado Fuhrman/ ISUP IV y estadío pT3a o superior (p<0,05). El grado ISUP IV y el estadío pT3b se asociaron significativamente a la progresión de la enfermedad, mientras que el INL y el IPL no lo hicieron. Conclusión: La elevación de INL e IPL se asocia a una mayor agresividad local en el CCR, lo que se manifiesta por tumores con un mayor grado de Fuhrman/ISUP o un estadío localmente avanzado. Evaluar estos cocientes antes de la nefrectomía puede brindarle al cirujano un elemento más para conocer el tipo de tumor al que se enfrenta y programar una estrategia acorde.(AU)


Introduction: Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet to lymphocyte ratio (PLR) are associated with tumor progression and worse oncologic outcomes in different neoplastic diseases. The aim of this study is to analyze the association between preoperative NLR and PLR and local tumor aggressiveness in renal cell carcinomas (RCC). Materials and methods: Pre-treatment NLR and PLR were analyzed in 353 patients who underwent treatment for non-metastatic RCC. Cox regression was used to estimate the association between NLR and PLR with pathological stage (pT), International Society of Urological Pathology (ISUP) grade, and disease progression. Results: ISUP grades III or IV were found in 50% of patients; 24 patients had pT3a stage or higher. After the surgery, 12 patients presented a local relapse, and 19 presented metastases. On multivariable analysis, higher NLR and PLR were significantly associated with a higher ISUP grade and advanced pT stage. Mean NLR and PLR were significantly higher in patients with Fuhrman/ISUP grade IV and pT3a or higher stage (p<0.05). ISUP grade IV and stage pT3b or higher both were associated with disease progression, while NLR and PLR weren't. Conclusion: Elevation of preoperative NLR and PLR is associated with a higher tumor aggressiveness in RCC. Higher ratios are significantly associated with ISUP grade IV and locally advanced stage (pT3b or higher). The preoperative evaluation of these ratios may give the surgeon another element to evaluate the type of tumor he is facing and adopt the best strategy. (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Middle Aged , Aged , Platelet Count , Carcinoma, Renal Cell/diagnosis , Lymphocyte Count , Preoperative Period , Inflammation , Kidney Neoplasms/diagnosis , Neoplasm Staging , Neutrophils , Carcinoma, Renal Cell/surgery , Retrospective Studies , Kidney Neoplasms/surgery
16.
Arch. cardiol. Méx ; 87(2): 101-107, Apr.-Jun. 2017.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-887503

ABSTRACT

Abstract: The International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE) provides recommendations to improve the editorial standards and scientific quality of biomedical journals. These recommendations range from uniform technical requirements to more complex and elusive editorial issues including ethical aspects of the scientific process. Recently, registration of clinical trials, conflicts of interest disclosure, and new criteria for authorship - emphasizing the importance of responsibility and accountability -, have been proposed. Last year, a new editorial initiative to foster sharing of clinical trial data was launched. This review discusses this novel initiative with the aim of increasing awareness among readers, investigators, authors and editors belonging to the Editors' Network of the European Society of Cardiology.


Resumen: El Comite internacional de editores de revistas medicas (CIERM) propone recomendaciones para mejorar los standares editoriales y la calidad científica de las revistas biomédicas. Estas recomendaciones abarcan desde requerimeintos ténicos uniformados a temas editoriales mas complejos y evasivos, como los aspectos bioéticos relacionados con el proceso científico. Recientemente se han propuesto algunas iniciativas editoriales, como el registro de los ensayos clinicos, la declaración de los conflictos de interés y los nuevos criterios para autoría (que destacan la responsabilidad de los autores sobre el estudio). El año pasado se presentó una nueva iniciativa editorial para resaltar la importancia de compartir los datos generados en los estudios clinicos. En este artículo se discute esta nueva iniciativa editorial, con la idea de difundir su conocimiento entre los lectores, investigadores, autores y editores de la red de editores de revistas cardiovasculares nacionales de la Sociedad Europea de Cardiología.


Subject(s)
Periodicals as Topic , Publishing , Cardiology , Information Dissemination , Editorial Policies , International Cooperation
17.
Arq. bras. cardiol ; 108(5): 390-395, May 2017.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-838734

ABSTRACT

Abstract The International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE) provides recommendations to improve the editorial standards and scientific quality of biomedical journals. These recommendations range from uniform technical requirements to more complex and elusive editorial issues including ethical aspects of the scientific process. Recently, registration of clinical trials, conflicts of interest disclosure, and new criteria for authorship - emphasizing the importance of responsibility and accountability-, have been proposed. Last year, a new editorial initiative to foster sharing of clinical trial data was launched. This review discusses this novel initiative with the aim of increasing awareness among readers, investigators, authors and editors belonging to the Editors´ Network of the European Society of Cardiology.


Resumo O Comitê Internacional de Editores de Revistas Médicas (ICMJE) fornece recomendações para aprimorar o padrão editorial e a qualidade científica das revistas biomédicas. Tais recomendações variam desde requisitos técnicos de uniformização até assuntos editoriais mais complexos e elusivos, como os aspectos éticos do processo científico. Recentemente, foram propostos registro de ensaios clínicos, divulgação de conflitos de interesse e novos critérios de autoria, enfatizando a importância da responsabilidade e da responsabilização. No último ano, lançou-se uma nova iniciativa editorial para fomentar o compartilhamento dos dados de ensaios clínicos. Esta revisão discute essa nova iniciativa visando a aumentar a conscientização de leitores, investigadores, autores e editores filiados à Rede de Editores da Sociedade Europeia de Cardiologia.


Subject(s)
Humans , Periodicals as Topic/standards , Clinical Trials as Topic/organization & administration , Information Dissemination , Editorial Policies , Datasets as Topic/standards , Societies, Medical , Clinical Trials as Topic/standards , International Cooperation
19.
Nucleus (La Habana) ; (52): 35-40, jul.-dic. 2012.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-738968

ABSTRACT

La producción de medicamentos es hoy muy demandada debido al alto rigor que imponen las regulaciones y normativas actuales. Ese rigor no es solo aplicable a las facilidades de fabricación, sino que también es exigido en la fase de investigación y desarrollo. Nuestro país se destaca actualmente por una industria biotecnológica creciente que ha puesto ya en el mercado nacional e internacional importantes medicamentos de probada eficacia en el tratamiento de patologías como el cáncer. El Centro de Isótopos es una institución, cuyas instalaciones están a disposición de esa industria, brindando una plataforma de trabajo para llevar a cabo investigaciones que permitan dar respuesta a estudios de biodistribución y farmacocinética en modelos experimentales relevantes. Durante los años de experiencia en estas actividades se ha contribuido a la investigación y desarrollo de productos de diversa naturaleza como los biotecnológicos, experimentando una evolución hacia la puesta a punto de nuevas tecnologías y a la incorporación de metodologías más adecuadas a los estándares actuales. La aplicación del marcaje de moléculas con isótopos radiactivos ha demostrado su vigencia, especialmente en su conveniencia para obtener imágenes de distribución de los fármacos y su cinética. Se dispone de técnicas para dar respuesta a las más importantes investigaciones que se demanden.


Drugs production is a highly demanding industry because of the high rigor of current regulations and standards which apply to manufacturing facilities. They are also required in the research and development stage. Our national biotechnological industry is developing and producing important drugs for national and international market to treat diseases like cancer. The Isotope Centre is an institution supporting such a development by means of a work platform to carry out researches in the field of pharmacokinetic and biodistribution in experimental models. Accumulated experience allows us to contribute to research and development of different kind of products (i.e. biotechnological), what represents a move towards the development of new technologies and the incorporation of appropriate methodologies to current standards. Radiolabeling is still a convenient choice to obtain images of drug distribution and kinetics. With the techniques currently available and those to be used in a near future, we can undertake to the most important researches required.

20.
Rev. nefrol. diál. traspl ; 32(4): 208-2013, dic. 2012. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-696380

ABSTRACT

Introducción: El Día Mundial del Riñón es una iniciativa de la Sociedad Internacional de Nefrología y la Federación internacional de Fundaciones Renales para disminuir problemas relacionados con la enfermedad renal y crear conciencia sobre este tema. En 2012, el Ministerio de Desarrollo Humano de Formosa, Argentina, organizó una evaluación clínica gratuita dirigida especialmente a quienes supieran que presentaban algún factor de riesgo para enfermedad renal. Método: Durante una semana, en 4 consultorios se entrevistó a los participantes. Se tomó nota de los antecedes, se midieron los siguientes parámetros: presión arterial, circunferencia abdominal, niveles de urea, creatinina y glucemia. Se realizaron ecografía renal y análisis de orina. Los resultados se analizaron estadísticamente. Resultados: Se tomaron los datos de 63 personas. Media de edad; 49.8 ± 14.2. Cuarenta y tres (68.3%) participantes informaron tener antecedentes patológicos. Catorce (22%) muestras de orina y 16 (25%) ecografías renales resultaron con indicadores de patología. Se detectaron 24 personas (38.1%) con HTA, 9 lo desconocían, 2 con diabetes no informada. Treinta y cuatro(54%) sujetos mostraron MDRD <- 80. Treinta y siete (58%) participantes con circunferencia abdominal mayor a los valores recomendados. Diez (15.9%) hombres presentaron creatinina >- 1,40/mg/dl y 3(4.8%) nivel de glucemia >- 126 mg/dI. Conclusión: Treinta y siete pacientes fueron invitados a consultar con un especialista por presentar indicador de insuficiencia renal o factor de riesgo. Se deberían repetir y ampliar estas acciones para diseñar programas sanitarios, detectar la enfermedad renal y crear conciencia sobre hábitos de vida saludable.


World Kidney Day is an initiative of the International Society of Nephrology and the International Federation of Kidney Foundations to reduce the impact of kidney disease and raise awareness about it. In 2012, the Ministry of Human Development of Formosa, Argentina, organized a free screening especially targeted to those who thought could had some risk factor for kidney disease. Methods: During the Kidney week 2012, 3 nephrologists and 1 general physician interviewed the participants. Blood pressure and abdominal circumference were measured; urine and blood samples were evaluated for urea, creatinine and glycaemia levels, and renal echography was performed. Results were statistically analyzed. Results: Data from 63 participants were used in this study. Mean age: 49.8 years ± 14.2. 14 (22%) urine samples showed pathological signs and 16(25%) renal ultrasound tests were pathological. 24(38.1%) presented HTA, 9 people were unaware of this condition. We found 2 cases of uninformed diabetes. 34(54%) participants had MDRD <-80 and 37(58.7%) had abdominal circumference above safe parameters. Ten men (15.9%) had creatinine >- 1,40/mg/dl and 3(4.8%) participants had glucose level >- 126 mg/dl. Conclusion: Thirty seven participants were referred to specialist. Screening should be carried out for early detection of kidney disease, to obtain information for the design and implementation of public health programs and to promote healthy habits.


Subject(s)
Humans , Kidney Diseases/prevention & control , Risk Factors
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